What is a pressure injury?

Pressure injuries result from prolonged pressure and/or shear forces on the skin and underlying tissues—most commonly over bony prominences such as the ischial tuberosities, trochanters, heels, and elbows.

These injuries can cause cell deformation, ischaemia, and cell death; however, not all pressure injuries lead to open wounds. Deep tissue pressure injuries, especially near joints, may present as firm lumps or areas of discolouration without visible skin breakdown.

Some pressure injuries may originate from seemingly minor causes such as pimples, rashes, scrapes, burns, or bruises.

Pressure injuries can develop rapidly.

If inadequately managed, they can significantly impair quality of life. Possible complications include reduced mobility, deconditioning, loss of independence, prolonged hospitalisation, surgery, infection, and sepsis.